Synthesis of N-(phenoxyalkyl)-, N-{2-[2-(phenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl}- or N-(phenoxyacetyl)piperazine Derivatives and Their Activity Within the Central Nervous System

Abstract

Depression, anxiety and epilepsy share some etiology factors, causing frequently observed multimodal activity of centrally active compounds. This might raise the risk of central adverse effects of potential drugs, but on the other hand - in a light of common comorbidity of these diseases - also make an opportunity for avoiding polypragmasy. The presented study combines rational drug design methods, chemical synthesis, receptor studies and in vivo pharmacological screening (mice, i. p.) in order to obtain new centrally active piperazine derivatives in a context of their potential multimodality, investigate the mechanism of their activity and establish relationship between their structure, molecular mechanism and in vivo central activity(-ies). The most promising pharmacological profile showed 1-(2-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl)-4-phenylpiperazine dihydrochloride (1), which was active in the four-plate test (anxiolytic-like activity) at 1.25 mg/kg b.w. and possessed high affinities towards several tested molecular targets (5-HT1A Ki=35 nM - weak antagonist, 5-HT2A Ki=121 nM, 5-HT7 Ki=130 nM - weak antagonist, α1 Ki=82 nM, μ Ki=240 nM).